The shaft na gearshine mafi mahimmancin sashi na tallafi da juyawa a cikin injunan gini, wanda zai iya aiwatar da motsi na juyawagiyada sauran sassan, kuma yana iya watsa karfin juyi da wutar lantarki a nesa mai nisa. Yana da fa'idodin ingantaccen watsawa, tsawon rai na sabis da kuma ƙaramin tsari. An yi amfani da shi sosai kuma ya zama ɗaya daga cikin mahimman sassan watsa injinan gini. A halin yanzu, tare da saurin ci gaban tattalin arzikin cikin gida da faɗaɗa kayayyakin more rayuwa, za a sami sabon buƙatu na injinan gini. Zaɓin kayan shaft ɗin gear, hanyar maganin zafi, shigarwa da daidaitawa na kayan aikin injin, sigogin tsarin hobbing, da ciyarwa duk suna da matuƙar mahimmanci ga ingancin sarrafawa da rayuwar shaft ɗin gear. Wannan takarda tana gudanar da takamaiman bincike kan fasahar sarrafa shaft ɗin gear a cikin injinan gini bisa ga aikinta, kuma tana ba da shawarar ƙirar haɓakawa mai dacewa, wanda ke ba da goyon baya mai ƙarfi na fasaha don inganta fasahar sarrafawa na shaft ɗin gear injiniya.

Bincike kan Fasahar SarrafawaShaft ɗin Geara cikin Injinan Gine-gine

Don sauƙin bincike, wannan takarda ta zaɓi shaft ɗin kayan shigar da kayan aiki na gargajiya a cikin injinan gini, wato, sassan shaft ɗin da aka saba amfani da su, waɗanda suka ƙunshi splines, saman da'ira, saman baka, kafadu, ramuka, ramukan zobe, gears da sauran siffofi daban-daban. Tsarin saman geometric da abubuwan da ke cikin geometric. Bukatun daidaito na shaft ɗin gear gabaɗaya suna da girma sosai, kuma wahalar sarrafawa tana da girma sosai, don haka dole ne a zaɓi wasu mahimman hanyoyin haɗi a cikin tsarin sarrafawa daidai kuma a yi nazari a kansu, kamar kayan aiki, splines na waje, ma'auni, sarrafa bayanin haƙori, maganin zafi, da sauransu. Domin tabbatar da inganci da farashin sarrafa shaft ɗin gear, an yi nazarin mahimman matakai daban-daban a cikin sarrafa shaft ɗin gear a ƙasa.

Zaɓin kayan aiki nashaft na gear

Shafts na gear a cikin injunan watsawa yawanci ana yin su ne da ƙarfe 45 a cikin ƙarfe mai inganci na carbon, 40Cr, 20CrMnTi a cikin ƙarfe mai ƙarfe, da sauransu. Gabaɗaya, yana cika buƙatun ƙarfi na kayan, kuma juriyar lalacewa tana da kyau, kuma farashin ya dace.

Fasaha mai ƙarfi ta injina shaft na gear

Saboda yawan buƙatun ƙarfin shaft ɗin gear, amfani da ƙarfe mai zagaye don injinan kai tsaye yana cinye kayan aiki da aiki mai yawa, don haka galibi ana amfani da kayan ƙira azaman fanko, kuma ana iya amfani da kayan ƙira kyauta don shaft ɗin gear masu girma dabam dabam; Kayan ƙira na mutu; wani lokacin wasu ƙananan giya za a iya yin su cikin fanko mai haɗaka tare da shaft. A lokacin ƙera babu komai, idan babu komai na ƙirƙira kyauta ne, sarrafa shi ya kamata ya bi ƙa'idar GB/T15826; idan babu komai na ƙirƙirar mutu ne, izinin injinan yakamata ya bi ƙa'idar tsarin GB/T12362. Bututun ƙirƙira yakamata ya hana lahani na ƙirƙira kamar hatsi marasa daidaituwa, fashe-fashe, da fashe-fashe, kuma yakamata a gwada su daidai da ƙa'idodin kimantawa na ƙasa da suka dace.

Maganin zafi na farko da kuma tsarin juyawa mara kyau na gurɓatattun abubuwa

Gilashin da ke da sandunan gear da yawa galibi ƙarfe ne mai inganci na tsarin carbon da ƙarfe mai ƙarfe. Domin ƙara taurin kayan da kuma sauƙaƙe sarrafawa, maganin zafi yana amfani da daidaita maganin zafi, wato: daidaita tsarin, zafin jiki 960 ℃, sanyaya iska, kuma ƙimar taurin ta kasance HB170-207. Daidaita maganin zafi kuma yana iya samun tasirin tace hatsi, tsarin lu'ulu'u iri ɗaya, da kuma kawar da damuwa, wanda ke shimfida harsashin maganin zafi na gaba.

Babban manufar juyawa mai kauri shine a yanke izinin injin a saman fankon, kuma jerin injinan babban saman ya dogara ne akan zaɓin ma'aunin wurin sanya sashi. Halayen sassan shaft ɗin gear da kansu da buƙatun daidaito na kowane saman suna shafar ma'aunin wurin sanya. Sassan shaft ɗin gear yawanci suna amfani da axis azaman ma'aunin wurin sanyawa, don haka ma'aunin zai iya haɗuwa kuma ya dace da ma'aunin ƙira. A cikin ainihin samarwa, ana amfani da da'irar waje azaman ma'aunin wurin sanyawa mai kauri, ana amfani da ramukan sama a ƙarshen shaft ɗin gear azaman ma'aunin daidaiton wurin sanyawa, kuma ana sarrafa kuskuren a cikin 1/3 zuwa 1/5 na kuskuren girma.

Bayan an gama shirya zafi, ana juya ko niƙa blank ɗin a fuskokin ƙarshe biyu (a daidaita shi bisa ga layin), sannan a yi wa ramukan tsakiya alama a ƙarshen biyu, sannan a haƙa ramukan tsakiya a ƙarshen biyu, sannan a yi wa da'irar waje kaca-kaca.

Fasahar Inji ta Kammala Da'irar Waje

Tsarin juyawa mai kyau kamar haka: ana juya da'irar waje da kyau bisa ga ramukan saman da ke ƙarshen shaft ɗin gear. A cikin ainihin tsarin samarwa, ana samar da shaft ɗin gear a cikin rukuni-rukuni. Domin inganta ingancin sarrafawa da ingancin sarrafa shaft ɗin gear, yawanci ana amfani da juyawar CNC, don a iya sarrafa ingancin sarrafa dukkan kayan aikin ta hanyar shirin, kuma a lokaci guda, an tabbatar da Ingancin sarrafa batch.

Ana iya kashe sassan da aka gama kuma a rage musu zafi bisa ga yanayin aiki da buƙatun fasaha na sassan, wanda zai iya zama tushen gyaran saman da kuma nitriding na saman, da kuma rage nakasar gyaran saman. Idan ƙirar ba ta buƙatar maganin kashewa da dumamawa, za ta iya shiga tsarin dumama kai tsaye.

Fasahar Injin Hakori da Spline ta Gear Shaft

Ga tsarin watsawa na injunan gini, gears da splines sune manyan abubuwan da ke isar da wutar lantarki da karfin juyi, kuma suna buƙatar babban daidaito. Gears yawanci suna amfani da daidaiton aji 7-9. Ga gears masu daidaiton aji 9, duka masu yanke hobbing na gear da masu yanke siffanta gear zasu iya biyan buƙatun gears, amma daidaiton injinan masu yanke hobbing na gear ya fi girma fiye da siffanta gear, kuma haka yake ga inganci; Gears da ke buƙatar daidaiton aji 8 za a iya yin hobbing ko aske su da farko, sannan a sarrafa su da haƙoran truss; don gears masu daidaiton aji 7, ya kamata a yi amfani da dabarun sarrafawa daban-daban gwargwadon girman rukunin. Idan ƙaramin rukuni ne ko yanki ɗaya Don samarwa, ana iya sarrafa shi bisa ga hobbing (grooming), sannan ta hanyar dumama da kashewa na induction mai yawan mita da sauran hanyoyin magance saman, kuma a ƙarshe ta hanyar niƙa don cimma buƙatun daidaito; idan babban tsari ne, da farko hobbing, sannan a aske. , sannan dumama da kashewa na induction mai yawan mita, sannan a ƙarshe hoping. Ga gears ɗin da ke da buƙatun kashewa, ya kamata a sarrafa su a matakin da ya fi matakin daidaiton injin da zane-zanen ke buƙata.

Layukan shaft ɗin gear gabaɗaya suna da nau'i biyu: layukan murabba'i da layukan involute. Ga layukan spline masu buƙatar daidaito sosai, ana amfani da haƙoran birgima da haƙoran niƙa. A halin yanzu, layukan involute sune aka fi amfani da su a fannin injinan gini, tare da kusurwar matsin lamba na 30°. Duk da haka, fasahar sarrafa layukan shaft ɗin gear masu girma suna da wahala kuma suna buƙatar injin niƙa na musamman don sarrafawa; ana iya amfani da ƙaramin tsari. Ana sarrafa farantin nuna bayanai ta hanyar ƙwararren masani tare da injin niƙa.

Tattaunawa kan Amfani da Fagen Hakori ko Fasaha Mai Muhimmanci ta Maganin Kashe Fuska

Saman shaft ɗin gear da saman diamita mai mahimmanci na shaft yawanci yana buƙatar maganin saman, kuma hanyoyin maganin saman sun haɗa da maganin carburizing da kashe saman. Manufar taurare saman da maganin carburizing shine don sa saman shaft ya sami tauri da juriya mai ƙarfi. Ƙarfi, tauri da laushi, yawanci haƙoran spline, ramuka, da sauransu ba sa buƙatar maganin saman, kuma suna buƙatar ƙarin sarrafawa, don haka a shafa fenti kafin a kunna carburizing ko a kashe saman, bayan an gama maganin saman, a ɗan taɓa kaɗan sannan a faɗi, maganin kashewa ya kamata a kula da tasirin abubuwa kamar zafin jiki mai sarrafawa, saurin sanyaya, matsakaicin sanyaya, da sauransu. Bayan kashewa, a duba ko ya lanƙwasa ko ya lalace. Idan nakasar ta yi girma, yana buƙatar a cire shi kuma a sanya shi don sake lalacewa.

Binciken Niƙa Rami a Tsakiya da Sauran Muhimman Tsarin Kammalawa a Sama

Bayan an yi wa shaft ɗin gear ado da saman, ya zama dole a niƙa ramukan saman a ƙarshen biyu, sannan a yi amfani da saman ƙasa a matsayin abin nuni don niƙa wasu muhimman saman waje da fuskokin ƙarshe. Hakazalika, ta amfani da ramukan saman a ƙarshen biyu a matsayin abin nuni mai kyau, a gama sarrafa muhimman saman kusa da ramin har sai an cika buƙatun zane.

Binciken Tsarin Kammalawa na Fagen Hakori

Kammala saman haƙorin kuma yana ɗaukar ramukan saman a ƙarshen biyu a matsayin ma'aunin kammalawa, kuma yana niƙa saman haƙorin da sauran sassan har sai an cika buƙatun daidaito a ƙarshe.

Gabaɗaya, hanyar sarrafa shafts na gear na injunan gini ita ce: yin blanking, ƙirƙira, daidaita, juyawa mai ƙarfi, juyawa mai kyau, hobbing mai ƙarfi, hobbing mai kyau, niƙa, cire spline, kashe saman ko carburizing, niƙa rami na tsakiya, mahimman saman waje da niƙa fuska na ƙarshe Ana duba samfuran niƙa na muhimmin saman waje kusa da ramin juyawa kuma a saka su cikin ajiya.

Bayan taƙaitaccen bayani game da aiki, hanyar aiwatarwa da buƙatun aiwatarwa na yanzu na shaft ɗin gear kamar yadda aka nuna a sama, amma tare da haɓaka masana'antu na zamani, sabbin matakai da sabbin fasahohi suna ci gaba da fitowa da amfani, kuma tsoffin hanyoyin suna ci gaba da ingantawa da aiwatarwa. Fasahar sarrafawa kuma tana canzawa koyaushe.

a ƙarshe

Fasahar sarrafa shaft ɗin gear tana da tasiri sosai kan ingancin shaft ɗin gear. Shirya kowace fasahar shaft ɗin gear tana da muhimmiyar alaƙa da matsayinta a cikin samfurin, aikinsa da matsayin sassan da ke da alaƙa da ita. Saboda haka, domin tabbatar da ingancin sarrafa shaft ɗin gear, ana buƙatar haɓaka mafi kyawun fasahar sarrafawa. Dangane da ainihin ƙwarewar samarwa, wannan takarda tana yin takamaiman bincike kan fasahar sarrafa shaft ɗin gear. Ta hanyar tattaunawa dalla-dalla kan zaɓar kayan sarrafawa, maganin saman, maganin zafi da fasahar sarrafa yanke shaft ɗin gear, tana taƙaita aikin samarwa don tabbatar da ingancin sarrafawa da sarrafa shaft ɗin gear. Fasahar sarrafawa mafi kyau a ƙarƙashin yanayin inganci tana ba da muhimmiyar goyon bayan fasaha don sarrafa shaft ɗin gear, kuma tana ba da kyakkyawan tunani don sarrafa wasu samfuran makamancin haka.