Gleasongiyar bevel mai karkacewani nau'in kayan aiki ne na musamman da aka tsara don watsa wutar lantarki tsakanin shafts masu haɗuwa, yawanci a kusurwar digiri 90. Abin da ya bambanta tsarin Gleason shine yanayin haƙori na musamman da hanyar ƙera shi, wanda ke ba da motsi mai santsi, ƙarfin juyi mai yawa, da aiki cikin natsuwa. Ana amfani da waɗannan kayan aikin sosai a cikin watsawa na motoci, masana'antu, da sararin samaniya inda aminci da daidaito suke da mahimmanci.
An ƙera tsarin Gleason don ingantawa akan madaidaiciya da kuma madaidaiciyagiyar bevel sifilita hanyar gabatar da haƙori mai lanƙwasa mai siffar karkace. Wannan siffar karkace tana ba da damar hulɗa a hankali tsakanin haƙoran, yana rage hayaniya da girgiza sosai yayin da yake ba da damar saurin juyawa da ƙarfin kaya mafi girma. Tsarin kuma yana haɓaka rabon hulɗa da ƙarfin saman, yana tabbatar da ingantaccen watsa wutar lantarki a ƙarƙashin nauyi ko ƙarfin aiki.
Kowace na'urar gear mai siffar Gleason ta ƙunshi pinion da gear mating, wanda aka samar da shi da tsarin lissafi mai dacewa. Tsarin kera yana da ƙwarewa sosai. Yana farawa da ƙirƙira ko daidaita simintin ƙarfe na ƙarfe mai ƙarfe, kamar 18CrNiMo7-6, sannan sai yankewa mai kauri, hobbing, ko siffantawa don samar da siffar gear ta farko. Hanyoyi masu ci gaba kamar injin 5-axis, skiving, da yankewa mai tauri suna tabbatar da daidaito mai girma da kuma kammala saman da aka inganta. Bayan maganin zafi kamar carburization (58-60 HRC), ana yin lapping ko niƙa gear don cimma cikakkiyar haɗin gwiwa tsakanin pinion da gear.
An bayyana yanayin gears na Gleason ta hanyar ma'auni masu mahimmanci da dama—kusurwar karkace, kusurwar matsi, nisan mazugi mai siffar ƙwallo, da faɗin fuska. Waɗannan sigogi an ƙididdige su daidai don tabbatar da daidaiton tsarin hulɗar haƙori da rarraba kaya. A lokacin dubawa na ƙarshe, kayan aiki kamar injin aunawa (CMM) da nazarin hulɗar haƙori (TCA) suna tabbatar da cewa saitin gear ya cika daidaitaccen aji na DIN 6 ko ISO 1328-1 da ake buƙata.
Ana amfani da Gleason spiral,giyar bevelsuna ba da inganci mai kyau da aiki mai dorewa koda a cikin yanayi mai wahala. Haƙoran da aka lanƙwasa suna ba da ci gaba da hulɗa, suna rage yawan damuwa da lalacewa. Wannan ya sa su dace da bambance-bambancen motoci, akwatunan jigilar kaya na manyan motoci, injina masu nauyi, tsarin turawa na ruwa, da kayan aikin wutar lantarki. Bugu da ƙari, ikon keɓance yanayin haƙori da nisan hawa yana ba injiniyoyi damar inganta ƙira don takamaiman ƙuntatawa na ƙarfin juyi, gudu, da sarari.
Kayan gear bevel mai siffar Gleason - teburin lissafi na maɓalli
| Abu | Tsarin/Gabatarwar Bayani | Masu Canji / Bayanan kula |
|---|---|---|
| Sigogin shigarwa | (z_1,\ z_2,\ m_n,\ \alpha_n,\ \Sigma,\ b,\ T) | haƙoran pinion/gear (z); module na yau da kullun (m_n); kusurwar matsi na yau da kullun (\alpha_n); kusurwar shaft (\Sigma); faɗin fuska (b); ƙarfin juyi (T). |
| Ma'auni (matsakaici) diamita | (d_i = z_i, m_n) | i = 1 (pinion), 2 (gear). Matsakaicin diamita/ma'auni a cikin sashin al'ada. |
| Kusurwoyin firam (mazugi) | (\delta_1,\ \delta_2) kamar haka (\delta_1+\delta_2=\Sigma) da kuma (\dfrac{\sin\delta_1}{d_1}=\dfrac{\sin\delta_2}{d_2}) | Warware kusurwoyin mazugi daidai da girman haƙori da kusurwar shaft. |
| Nisan mazugi (nisan tsayin tsayi) | (R = \ dfrac {d_1}{2\sin\delta_1} = \ dfrac{d_2}{2\sin\delta_2}) | An auna nisan daga kololuwar mazugi zuwa da'irar siffa tare da generatrix. |
| Sautin da'ira (na al'ada) | (p_n = \pi m_n) | Layin layi a sashin al'ada. |
| Module mai juyawa (kimanin) | (m_t = \dfrac{m_n}{\cos\beta_n}) | (\beta_n) = kusurwar karkace ta al'ada; yana canzawa tsakanin sassan al'ada da na ketare kamar yadda ake buƙata. |
| Kusurwar karkace (matsakaicin/dangantaka mai juzu'i) | (\tan \ beta_t = \tan \ beta_n \ cos \ delta_m) | (\delta_m) = matsakaicin kusurwar mazugi; yi amfani da canje-canje tsakanin kusurwoyin al'ada, masu juyawa, da matsakaicin karkace. |
| Shawarar faɗin fuska | (b = k_b, m_n) | (k_b) wanda aka fi zaɓa daga 8 zuwa 20 ya danganta da girma da aikace-aikacensa; duba tsarin ƙira don samun ainihin ƙimar. |
| Ƙarin (matsakaicin) | (a \ kusan m_n) | Daidaitaccen kimantawa mai zurfi; yi amfani da teburin daidaiton rabon haƙori don ƙimar da ta dace. |
| Diamita na waje (tip) | (d_{o,i} = d_i + 2a) | i = 1,2 |
| Diamita na tushen | (d_{f,i} = d_i – 2h_f) | (h_f) = dedendum (daga rabon tsarin gear). |
| Kauri da'ira na haƙori (kimanin) | (s \approx \dfrac{\pi m_n}{2}) | Don tsarin bevel, yi amfani da kauri da aka gyara daga teburin haƙori don daidaito. |
| Ƙarfin da ke motsawa a da'irar filin wasa | (F_t = \dfrac{2T}{d_p}) | (T) = karfin juyi; (d_p) = diamita na siffa (yi amfani da raka'a masu daidaito). |
| Damuwar lanƙwasawa (a sauƙaƙe) | (\sigma_b = \dfrac{F_t \cdot K_O \cdot K_V}{b \cdot m_n \cdot Y}) | (K_O) = ma'aunin yawan aiki, (K_V) = ma'aunin kuzari, (Y) = ma'aunin tsari (lanƙwasa yanayin lanƙwasa). Yi amfani da cikakken lissafin lanƙwasa na AGMA/ISO don ƙira. |
| Damuwar hulɗa (nau'in Hertz, mai sauƙi) | (\sigma_H = C_H \sqrt{\dfrac{F_t}{d_p , b} \cdot \dfrac{1}{\frac{1-\nu_1^2}{E_1}+\frac{1-\nu_2^2}{E_2}}}) | (C_H) daidaiton yanayin lissafi, (E_i,\nu_i) kayan aiki masu lanƙwasa da rabon Poisson. Yi amfani da cikakkun lissafin hulɗa da damuwa don tabbatarwa. |
| Adadin hulɗa (na gama gari) | (\varepsilon = \dfrac{\text{arc of action}}{\text{base pitch}}) | Don gears na bevel, yi lissafi ta amfani da tsarin mazugi mai siffar mazugi da kusurwar karkace; yawanci ana kimanta su da tebura ko software na ƙirar gear. |
| Adadin haƙoran kama-da-wane | (z_v \approx \dfrac{d}{m_t}) | Yana da amfani don duba lamba/ƙasa; (m_t) = module mai juyawa. |
| Mafi ƙarancin haƙora / duba ƙasa | Yi amfani da mafi ƙarancin yanayin hakora dangane da kusurwar karkace, kusurwar matsi da kuma rabon haƙori | Idan (z) ya yi ƙasa da mafi ƙarancin aiki, ana buƙatar kayan aiki na musamman ko kayan aiki na musamman. |
| Saitunan injin/yanka (matakin ƙira) | Ƙayyade kusurwoyin kan mai yanke, juyawar gadon jariri da kuma nuna bayanai daga tsarin gear | An samo waɗannan saitunan ne daga tsarin gear da tsarin yankewa; bi tsarin injin/kayan aiki. |
Fasaha ta zamani ta samarwa, kamar injinan yankewa da niƙa na CNC, suna tabbatar da inganci da daidaiton musanya. Ta hanyar haɗa ƙira da kwamfutoci ta hanyar amfani da kwamfuta (CAD) da kwaikwayonsu, masana'antun za su iya yin gwajin injiniyanci da kuma gwaji na kama-da-wane kafin a samar da ainihin kayan aiki. Wannan yana rage lokacin da ake buƙata da kuɗin da ake buƙata yayin da yake inganta daidaito da aminci.
A taƙaice, gears ɗin Gleason masu siffar spiral bevel suna wakiltar cikakkiyar haɗuwa ta yanayin lissafi mai zurfi, ƙarfin abu, da daidaiton masana'antu. Ikonsu na isar da watsa wutar lantarki mai santsi, inganci, da dorewa ya sanya su zama muhimmin sashi a cikin tsarin tuƙi na zamani. Ko ana amfani da su a sassan motoci, masana'antu, ko sararin samaniya, waɗannan gears suna ci gaba da bayyana ƙwarewa a cikin motsi da aikin injiniya.
Lokacin Saƙo: Oktoba-24-2025